Dichlorvos (2, 2-dichlorovinyl dimethyl phosphate DDVP (SNIPER)) Toxicity on Histological Organs of Wistar Rats Fed on Treated Cowpea Grains (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp)

Cowpea is an important grain legume that provides half of the plant protein and consumed worldwide. The crop usually affected by pests on field in storage which always result huge losses, hence being controlled using synthetic pesticides. However, consumption cowpea grains treated with pesticides had resulted bioaccumulation several health-related problems. Therefore, this study examined toxic effects Dichlorvos (DDVP) fed to Wistar rats for four weeks. Sixteen male weighing 125±20g were used experiment. They randomly divided into groups each including control acclimatised one week Standard Feed Ratio (SFR). DDVP (98% purity) was applied at rates 0 (control), 0.23, 0.33, 0.43mL/kg directly 1kg IT 89k-391, respectively. Treated milled (with a 2 mm sieve) mixed SFR animals daily Data collected weeks after treatment (WAT) feed intake, body weight gain/loss, hematology, and, serum chemistry analysed ANOVA p<0.05, while histopathology examined. Results showed significant differences (p < 0.05) all parameters. There reduction intake weights progressively animals, increased. Hematological parameters 0.23 mL/kg recording highest hemoglobin (g/dl) (17.00±1.16), lowest value white blood cells (1100±5.78 x 103/µL), 0.43 recorded red (103/µL) (5.34±0.78) (8.83±0.23) between 1 4 WAT. Serum revealed Total having values (5.22±0.01, 5.13±0.01, 5.18±0.01) from animals. Alkaline phosphate, Aspartate aminotransferase, Alanine transaminase 0.33 treatments 3 WAT, Histopathology WAT capillary congestion necrotic changes, severe cell infiltration interstitial parenchyma inflammatory kidneys On liver organs, necrosis, vacuolar degeneration hepatocytes, distinct cysts granular formation. central portions livers pale patterns arrangement cords absent. aforementioned clear normal kidney organs In study, varied changes observed hematological, biochemical, histopathological dichlorvos could impairment vital ill health issues. Continued use preservation should be discouraged prevent problems promote high-quality nutrition safe food.